Heating stove



L. S. CHADWICK May 19, 1936 HEATING STOVE 8 Sheets-Shee-t 1 Filed June 13, 1954 3 INVENTOK u. SMM

M, M KAM ATTORNEYJ May 31919 1936. l.. s. cHADwlcK HEATING STOVE 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 13, 1934 HEATING STOVE s sheets-sheet s Filed June 15, 1954 acto: n ms May 19, 1936- LQ s. cHADwlcK HEATING STOVE 8 Sheets-Sheet Filed June 13, 1934 INVENTOR,

ATTORNEY5.

May 19, 1936. l.. s. cHADwlcK HEATING STOVE Filed June 13, 1954 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR. XM um M uw ATTORNEYS.

May 19, 1936. Lfs. cHADWlcK' u 2,041,226

HEAT ING STOVE Filed June ll', 1934 8 Sheets-Sheel'I 6 INVENTOR,

Y MAA/)f ATTORNEY5 May 19, 1936. l.. s. cHADw|cK 2,041,226

HEATING STOVE Filed June 15, 1954 I 8 SheetsfSheet 7 ATTORNEYJ May 1% 16., 1 s. cHADwlcK HEAT ING STOVE Filed June l5, 1934 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 INVENTOR,

w M JSM ATTORNEYS I Patentedl May 19, 1936 to Perfection Stove Co a corporation of @hie Application .liune i3, i

inpany, Cleveiland, Unio,

93d, Seriell No. @30,3%

3 iiaiins.. (Uil. R26- 48%) This invention is a heating apparatus intended for heating a room or a number of adjacent communicating rooms; and its primary purpose is to provide heating apparatus that, by a simple adjustment, may be caused to function as a radiating heater or as a circulating heater, or as both, simultaneously. In other words, the invention might be termed a convertible radiating and circulating heater, and its general object is to provide a structure incorporating the features of a direct or radiating heater and a circulating heater and possessing all the advantages of both plus others peculiar to itself.

structurally, the invention may be described in a general Way as consisting of a heat radiating unit and a member spaced therefrom so .as to edect between itself and said unit a duct through which air may circulate. said member comprising means for intercepting rays oi heat thrown od by said unit and adjustable between effective and ineffective positions, preferably together with means for controlling the passage of air through the. aforesaid duct. It follows from the foregoing that, when said heat intercepting means is in effective position, the apparatus operates as a circulating heater, and when in ineffective position, as a radiating heater.

In the specic embodiment herein disclosed, I

a0 -provide a heating unit in the form of a cylindrical shell or drum enclosing a combustion chamber with oil burning means therebelow, and a casing surrounding and spaced from the heating unit and open at the top, front and sides,

as well as at the bottom. Pivotally supported on horizontal axes, within the open front and sides. are shutters. and associated with the open top is a damper arrangement for controlling the upward passage of air through the space between the heating unit and casing. The set or series of shutters at the front and at each side are adjustable independently of one another so that heat may be radiated and circulated in different directions at the same time, and by adjusting the shutters to a. downward and outward inclination, at an angle of forty-ve degrees, for example, they may be caused to deect the .radiant heat downwardly toward the iloor. To enhance this action the inner sides of the shut- 5 0 ters are desirably made reective, and this is accomplished in the present preferred embodiment by coating the shutters with vitreous enamel. By reason of this controlled iiexibility of operation practicallyl any desired heat diss tribution may be obtained.

Objects additional to the general one above mentioned are: to provide a construction for a heater of the foregoing character that is attractive of appearance, is simple, and is relatively inexpensive; to provide a form of mountt ing ior the aforesaid shutters that facilitates their emplacement and insures easy and satisfactory operation; to provide means for edecting simultaneous operation of all shutters associated with the open front or either of the open lo sides of the casing; to provide a very simple contrivance, preferably frictional, for holding said shutters in any position to which they are adjusted, and to provide means for` holding the dampers associated with the open top oi the 15 casing against vibration.

The foregoing objects, with others which will appear as this description proceeds, are attained in the embodiment of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein Fig.4 l 20 is a vertical section, from iront to rear, through heating apparatus constructed in accordance with the invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional plan on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1, the same being on a scale somewhat larger than that oi the preced- 25 ing view; Fig. 3 is a vertical section, from iront to rear, through the casing of the apparatus, on the same scale as Fig. 2 and showing the shutters in closed position, the combustion chamber being omitted for clear-ness; Figs. 4 and 5 are 30 sectional details, on a further: enlarged scale, taken, respectively, on the lines L4 and 5-5 oi Fig. 2; Figs. 6 and '1 are views at right angles to each other 'of a. retaining member for the pivots at one end of the shutters of a series; 35 Fig. 8 is a plan view of such member on a. scale considerably enlarged over that of Figs. 6 and 7: Fig. 9 is a horizontal section through one of the front corners of the casing showinthe Divotal mountings of adjacent front and side shutters; Figs. 10 and 11 are sections on the respective lines l0|0 and Il-Ii of Fig. 9; Fig. 12 p is a detail, similar to Fig. 9, showing the pivot retaining member in an ineective position as 5 when the parts are being assembled; Fig. 13 is a bottom plan view of the top of the casing removed and showing the dampers mounted thereon; Fig. 14 is a. transverse vertical section through the top of the apparatus, the plane of section being indicated by the line Il-M of Fig. 13; Figs. 15 and 16 are enlarged sectional details on the respective'lines iE-IE and I6I6 of Fig. 13; Fig. 17 is a section on the line Ii-I1 of Fig. 16. and Figs. 18, 19 and 20 are details pertaining to 55 a modification of the friction means for holding the shutters in any adjusted position.

The casing of the apparatus is made up of corner members or posts I of angular formation whose lower ends rest upon the corners of a recangular frame 2 that is supported a suitable distance above the floor bylegs 3. At

,the front and sides, stationary panels 4 are supported by and between the upper ends of the corner posts I, and similar panels 5 are disposed between and connected to the lower ends of said posts and extend down into and are secured to the frame 2. A wall 6 occupies the space between'the posts I at the rear of the casing and extends from the top along each side of each series of slots Il is a flange I 2, those adjacent the lateral edges ofthe top being parts of angle members whose other flanges are connected to the top by any suitable means, while those adjacent the transverse center are the anges of a channel member whose web is engaged with the underside of the top and has a series .of openings registering with openings in the top. the registering openings of the channel member and top being designated I5. Certain of said openings-those at the ends and at the longitudinal center of the channel member, according to the present embodiment-are made larger than the others, and the material of the top I I is punched and projected downwardly through said openings and flanged outwardly therebeyond in the nature of eyelets, as indicated at I 6, to secure the channel member to the top.

Dampers I1 (Elgs. 13 to 1'1), in the form of at plates having peripheral flanges I8, and provided with slots I3 that correspond in size and spacing with the slots I I of the top, are supported below the top by studs or bearing members 2l that are carried by the iianges Il of the damper and extend through slots or openings 2| in the anges I2. As clearly shown in Figs. 16 and 17, the slots .2| are considerably wider than the diameter of the studs zo, and the studs are`y1`e1d1ng1y heid against the bottom sides of the slots by springs 22 whose body portions bear upon the tops of the studs and whose ends are formed with transverse hooks 23 that are engaged beneath the anges I2 and embrace them closely enough to prevent lateral movement of the Springs; the anges being notched at 24 for the reception of the hooks at one end of the springs for holding the springs against longitudinal displacement. The slots II of the top, and I! of the dampers, are surrounded by depending flanges Il* and I9, respectively; and it will be observed that the dampers are supported with their upper surfaces out of contact with the anges II. The springs I2 are sufciently stiff to effectively hold the dampers from being vibrated by air currents rising through the casing. The dampers are equipped with knobs 25 whose Shanks project through slots 2B in the top I0, and by means of these knobs the dampers may be conveniently shifted. f

The lateral and front sides of the casing have openings defined by the corner posts I and the top and bottom panels 4 and 5, and within each opening is arranged a series of shutters 30. Each shutter consists of a rectangular plate that is surrounded by a ange, and suitably secured to the end portions of the flange are pivot or bearing members 33. Said members, at one end of the shutters of each series (see Fig. 2), are engaged through bearing apertures in a straight inturned flange 34 of the adjacent corner post I, while those of the opposite end are accommodated by notches 35 in a substantially L-shaped ange 36 of the contiguous corner post I. As may best be seen from Figs. 9 to 12, the L-shaped flange 3B provides an inwardly facing channel downwardly through which may be projected a rod-like pivot retaining member or spring 31 (Figs. 6 to 8), having humps 38 spaced apart therealong. The'top end of each member 31 is oset at 39, somewhat after the fashion of a crank, effecting a shoulder 43. It is evident from the corner post appearing in Figs. 1 and 3 that the laterally turned inner edge or channel portion of the iiange 36 terminates at its upper end about ilush with the lower edge of the top panel 4 and at its lower end in the same relation to the upper edge of the bot- V tom panel 5; and that the shoulder 40 of the retaining member 31 engages the upper end of said channel portion and serves as a stop to limit the downward movement of the pivot retaining mem- ,ber. It will also be apparent that the upwardly extended oiset portion 39 of the retaining member is in a position to engage the gusset 1 thereabove and by this arrangement each member is held against upward displacement. In the installation of the shutters, the pivot or bearing members 33 at one end are projected through the bearing apertures in the straight ilanges 34 of one corner post and the shutters are then swung into place to engage the pivot or bearing members 33 at their opposite ends within the notches 35 of the anges 36, it being observed from Fig. 11 that the inner ends of said notches are reduced in width to substantially the diameter of the pivot or bearing members. The pivot retaining member is next projected downwardly through the channel portion of the iiange 38 in the position shown in Fig. 12 and, by means of the offset upper end 39, the member is turned to the position shown in Fig. 9, which causes the humps 38 to be swung about within the channel and force the portions of the member 31 between the humps into ilrm contact with the pivot or bearing members 33, the retaining member being somewhat deformed by this operation, as indicated in Fig. 11, wherefore it will be retained under tension and thus constantly impose a pressure upon the pivot or bearing members in a direction to force them into the restricted ends of the slots 35. When the pivot retaining member is in this position its offset end 3! is pressed against an adjacent part of the inner side of the post Ias illustrated in broken lines in Fig. 9.

Arms 45 (Figs. 4 and 5) extend from the corresponding ends of the shutters 30 of each series,

and the inner ends of these arms are odset lat.

erally, as best shown in Fig. 5. A link 46 connects all arms of the shutters of a series, causing said shutters to operate in unison, and, excepting in the modication illustrated in Figs. 18 to 20 which will hereinafter be described, a tongue 41 is piv-Y dit aoinaac region of and including said odset portion is dllided Within a. tubular member it that is secured, as by fastening means 50, to the ange 3d of the adjacent corner post. The tongue il is of resilient metal and, in the region of its odset portion tu, is somewhat compressed and placed under tension when forced into the tubular member t9. Thus a frictional means is provided for holding the shutters in any position to which they are adjusted, andthe adjustment may be made by grasping a lmob tl on the top shutter and swinging said shutter to the desired position, the others of the series assuming corresponding position by reason of their connection with thetop shutter through the arms tand link dit.

ln the modification illustrated in Figs. 18, 19 and 2U, the link it carries pivot members lille, shown as tubular and as having their inner ends internally threadedvand their outer ends reduced and engaged through holes in thelink it and peened over therebeyond. The pivot members die are journaled in the bearing apertures of 'the arms l fit of the shutters.

A bolt tite is screwed through next to the top bearing member Illa., according to the arrangement selected for illustrative purposes, and a nut that is applied to its outer end, locks the bolt against unscrewing. A spring alla is compressed between opposed washers, one of which engages thehead of the bolt and the other the arm t5. By' means of this spring sufficient friction is created between the arm t5 and link it to hold the shutters in any position to which they are adjusted. Obviously springs and bolts may be used with others of the pivot members, if desired, although it has been found that one such outt adords ample friction for holding the shutters of a series of the number shown. Also, excepting for manufacturing expedience, those pivot members with Wiliiih bolts, springs, etc. are not used might be so Now to resume the general description:

Supported centrally within the casing, as by brackets 5t (Fig. 2), is a heating unit 5t which, according to the present embodiment, consists of a cylindrical drum 56 that encloses a combustion chamber 5l and, therebelow, a repot tit. The latter has an annular top wall 59 (Fig. l) that is connected to and spaced from an annulus 6u by fastening means bl, and the annulus, in turn, is connected, as by bolts et, to a somewhat simiiarlyshaped but larger member t3 which, with the annulus, forms the bottom wall of the cornbustion chamber. The member t3 has a peripheral ange that is suitably secured to the wall of the drum 56. The inner edge of the top wall 59 of the repct 5t, and the corresponding edge of the annulus t0, are turned downwardly so as to direct air entering through the slot 53, between the said top wall and annulus, downwardly into the nrepot. A neck 64 projects forwardly from the hrepot and surrounds a lighting and cleanout opening which is normally closed by a plug td having a handle 66. The forward end of the neck extendsthrough an opening 6l in the front bottom panel 5, which opening is adapted to be covered by a closure B8 that is removably held in place by any suitable means.

The bottom of the repot is shown as formed with a sump 69 to which fuel is delivered, by gravity, through a conduit 1U, from a fuel reservoir 1l, the fuel feed being of such character as will maintain a liquid level within the sump 69 slightly below the plane of the bottom wall of the repot.

The how of oil to the nrepot is adapted to be controlled by a metering valve it, equipped with an operating handle liti.. Primary air is admitted to the repot tt through holes it in theperipheral wall thereof. The heating unit or combustion device, per se, forms no part of my present invention, and details thereof may be had by reference to Letters Patent No. 1,944,593, dated January 23, 1934, wherein itis disclosed and claimed. The fuel reservoir and control means, with their associated parts, as herein generally illustrated in Fig. 1, are shown in detail in an application led by me on March 7, 1932, bearing Serial No. 597,-'

secondary air through the slot 53, the mixture burning within the nre pot and in the combustion chamber tl thereabove, the products escaping through a flue connection it that joins the rear side of the drum 5t adjacent its upper end and projects through the back panel t of the casing.

When the shutters tu are open, at whlchtime the dampers li are desirably closed, 'heat will be radiated from the heating unit or combustion device through the openings in the front and lateral sides of the casing, and by inclining the shutters the heat rays may be dedected downwardly toward the floor, the underneath surfaces of the shutters being preferably made reflective to enhance this action. In the present preferred embodiment, this follows from the fact that the shutters, with other parts of the casing, are coated with vitreous enamel. When the shutters are closed and the `dampers Il'i are open, air will enter the bottom of the casing and rise through i0 vof the room in which the heater is located or in heating adjacent communicating rooms. When the shutters are open and the dampers closed, as above described, the apparatus will I operate as a direct or radiating heater and eectively heat the region immediately in front of and at the sides of the apparatus. By adjusting the dierent series of shutters at diiferent angles, various effects may be attained as, for example, the apparatus may be caused to function as a direct or radiating heater immediately in front of the structure and as a, circulating heater at the sides, and vice versa; and a very even distribution of heat throughout the environs of the apparatus may be accomplished by properly adjusting the shutters and dampers.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. In heating apparatus, the combination of a heat radiating unit, a casing surrounding said unit and provided with a plurality of regulable means independently adjustable for controlling the' radiation of heat from diiferent laterally spaced wall portions of said unit and for effecting with each of such wall portions as an alternative condition a passage through which air may circulate, a top for said casing having a plurality of independently regulable means for controlling the discharge of air therethrough, said last means being each located above a respective wall portion of the unit and cooperating with the corresponding first means to control the circulation of air adjacent that wall portion.

2. In heating apparatus, the combination of a heat radiating unit, a casing surrounding said unit andprovided with regulable means on different sides thereot independently adjustable for controlling the radiation of heat from the adjacent side wall portions of said unit and for effecting with each of such wall portions, as an alternative condition, a passage through which air may circulate, the top of the casing having a plurality of independently regulable means for controlling the discharge of air therethrough, said last means being each located above arespective side wall portion of the unit and cooperating with the corresponding rst means to control the circulation of air adjacent that wall portion. A

3. In heating apparatus, the combination ci' a vertically disposed heat radiating unit, a casing surrounding said unit and provided with regulable meanson opposite sides thereof independently adjustable for controlling the radiation of heat from the adjacent side wall portions ot said unit and for effecting with each of such wall portions, as an alternative condition, a. passage through which air may circulate, the top of the casing having two independently regulable means for controlling the discharge of air therethrough, one being located above each of the aforesaid side wall portions of the unit and cooperating with the corresponding iirst means to control the circulation of air through the passage below.

` LEE S. CHADWICK. 

